Structure, biochemical function and signaling mechanism of plant NLRs. M
Abstract
To counter pathogen invasion, plants have evolved a large number of immune receptors including membrane-resident pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs). Our knowledge on PRR and NLR signaling mechanisms has been significantly expanded over the past few years. Plant NLRs form multi-protein complexes called resistosomes in response to pathogen effectors, and signaling mediated by NLR resistosomes converges on Ca2+-permeable channels. On the other hand, Ca2+-permeable channels important for PRR signaling have also been identified. These findings highlight a crucial role of Ca2+ in triggering plant immune signaling. In this review, we first discuss structural and biochemical mechanisms of the non-canonical NLR Ca2+ channels, and then summarize our knowledge on immune-related Ca2+-permeable channels and their roles in PRR and NLR signaling. We also discuss a potential role of Ca2+ in the intricate interaction between PRR and NLR signaling.
Read more at Molecular Plant